Also known as: Mueller–Müller timing recovery, Mueller-Muller

Mueller–Müller timing recovery is a decision-directed symbol-timing algorithm that needs only one sample per symbol, making it computationally efficient.¹

Mueller–Müller timing recovery needs only one sample per symbol, using successive decisions to correct timing.

How it works

It uses current and previous symbol decisions to estimate the timing error and drive a loop that keeps sampling at the symbol centre — at the cost of needing reasonably reliable decisions to start.

Relevance to SDR

GopherTrunk uses Mueller–Müller recovery in decoders such as AIS, APRS, and signalling pipelines.

Sources

1. Symbol synchronization — Wikipedia, for decision-directed symbol-timing recovery such as the Mueller–Müller method. ↩

See also

• Clock recovery
• Gardner timing recovery
• Symbol rate (baud)
• Automatic Identification System (AIS)
• APRS

Learn it step by step

• Clock recovery & symbol timing

From the blog

• SDR Internals, Part 7: Symbol timing & sync recovery